Ethnic differences essay Essay

?Asses the claim that â€Å"ethnic differences in educational achievement are primarily the result of school factors† Most studies found that overall ethnic minorities tend to do less well than other members of the population when it comes to educational achievement. Many factors which occur inside the school are the cause of educational achievement however other factors contribute. The expectations of teachers on ethnic minorities have caused differences in educational achievement. Bernard Coard believes that teachers expect â€Å"Black† children to fail therefore labelling the child as a failure. Interactionalists are concerned with how teachers â€Å"pigeonhole† students this is the labelling theory, this is where the teacher makes a judgement of the child based on the child’s appearance, behaviour, previous family members and relationships with other students. However most labels are based on stereotypes rather than evidence, the reality is that once a label starts it is difficult to get rid of and this can cause problems for a student’s educational achievement. Teachers will discuss the students label in the staff room and other teachers will attach the same label to the child and this can lead to the child not being allowed to attend school trips. If a student is labelled as a failure by a teacher then the teacher is likely to put the student into a lower tier exam thus the pupil can only achieve a maximum of a grade C and can’t achieve to the best of their ability. When a student is labelled as a failure the student can begin to believe that the label is true and begin to make it part of their part of their identity, become a failure this is known as the self-fulfilling prophecy thus creating ethnic differences in educational achievement within the school system. David Hardgreves argues that anti school sub cultures can be formed as a result of negative labelling. However Maureen Stone and Swann both indicate that those who are labelled may not accept their labels. However many sociologists argue that it is external factors that affect ethnic differences in educational achievement. Cultural Deprivation is the term used to describe serious inadequacies in the socialisation process and its effects on educational achievement. Poor parenting means children underachieving in education. Many sociologists argue that ethnic minorities tend to be more fatalistic meaning that parents tend to have low aspirations and expectations for their child meaning less emphasis is placed on doing well in education. Whereas â€Å"White† middle classes would have high aspirations and high expectations. Socialisation focuses on the values, expectations and norms transmitted from parents to children. Children from Ethnic backgrounds tend to focus on immediate gratification where they try to reep their rewards at the earliest opportunity such as leaving school at 16 to earn money. Whereas â€Å"White† middle class children aim for a bright future described as deferred gratification which is putting off short term rewards to gain better rewards in the future. Cultural Deprivation can affect the way parents prepare their children for school. Working class children would sit and watch T. V. whereas middle class parents would take their children to museums. Driver and Ballard state that high achievement in Asian groups may be linked to the fact that they live in close knit families that can help each other. Price highlighted a high rate of single parent families in black Caribbean communities which may explain high underachievement. Nevertheless, some sociologists argue that it is internal factors which affect ethnic differences in educational achievement. Institutional Racism within schools can lead to educational achievement and the differences it causes within ethnic minorities. The â€Å"Swann report† found that a small number of teachers are consciously racist however there are a great deal of teachers who are â€Å"unintentionally† racist. Bernard Coard states that the British educational system makes children become educationally subnormal he states that â€Å"West Indian children are told that their language is second rate and unacceptable† he states that within the British educational system the word â€Å"White† is associated with â€Å"good† and the word â€Å"Black† with evil. Coard also states that the attitudes portrayed in the classroom are reinforced by the pupils outside of the classroom. Many sociologists would also argue that the mispronunciation of student’s names and not learning them can be classed as racism within the school system. Cecile Wright found that majority of staff are committed to ideals of equality but despite these ideals there are still considerable amounts of discrimination in the classroom. Asian children were often excluded from discussions and teachers expressed an â€Å"open disapproval of their customs and traditions†, these comments from teachers made Asian children feel more isolated from other pupils. Martin Hammersley found that racist comments in the staffroom did not lead to racism in the classroom. J. Taylor found that â€Å"most teachers are concerned to have a fair policy towards the treatment of black pupils†. Mac an Ghaill studied 25 afro Caribbean and Asian students studying A levels. He found that â€Å"although they disagreed over the extent of racism within education, this did not directly determine their attitude to education and their levels of academic success. The way that students responded to schooling varied and this was influenced by their ethnic group†. This could eventually lead to the formation of anti-school sub cultures. These are pupils who have rejected some or all of the values and rules set down in the school ethos. Peter Woods identified 8 different groups ranging from Ingratiation total conformity to Rebellion outright rejection of school rules and values. This can cause ethnic differences in educational achievement within the school system. However other factors such as linguistic skills affect this achievement. Linguistic Deprivation is the ability to use appropriate language which is an important factor in educational success. Bernstein came up with two codes of language Restricted and Elaborate codes. The Restricted code is used in casual situations. This is limited vocabulary and Simplistic grammar which can only be understood if you are aware of this topic. The Elaborate code is used in formal situations. This is sophisticated grammar and vocabulary and can be understood if aware of the topic. Bernstein found that White middle class children had the ability to switch between the two codes whereas children from ethnic minorities were limited to using the restricted code. This means they are severely disadvantaged in education where the language is all formal. In conclusion, it is probable that a number of factors work together in producing the lower levels of achievement found in some ethnic groups. The Swann report concluded that racial discrimination inside and outside school along with social deprivation were probably the main factors. Others would add that cultural factors also play some part in explaining the differences.

Nutrition Essay

1.Select a sweetener. Sucrose 2.Explore the history of the sweetener (when it was developed, its composition). Sucrose, according to our text, is composed of one glucose (the most common sugar molecule) molecule and one fructose (the sweetest natural sugar) molecule. The bond is called glycosidic linkage. Because of this mixture, Sucrose is known to be sweeter than lactose or maltose (the other 2 out of the 3 most common disaccharides, which is a carbohydrate compound consisting of 2 or more molecules joined together). The history of sucrose dates back to thousands and thousands of years ago when the sugar cane was discovered in the South Pacific, rumored specifically to have been found in New Guinea. Its molecular formula is C12H22O11. (taken from Wikipedia) 3.Discuss safety and the sweetener that you have selected. When pure, sucrose has an energy content of 3.94 kilocalories per gram, which helps give someone that instant â€Å"jolt of energy† they are looking for. This becomes unsafe when consumed in large amounts and when looking at it from a health standpoint, should not be used for that jolt. When using Sucrose in moderation, or small doses, it does not pose as may risk factors as it does when over consumed. Also, please note that there really is not any nutritional value in Sucrose itself. Typically, sucrose is spoken of as table sugar. The most common health risk of Sucrose would be linked to tooth decay and other dental issues. Other health issues linked to a diet with an over-abundance of sucrose would be hypoglycemia or diabetes mellitus. 4.Examine the relationship between the sweetener that you have selected and obesity. There is a lot to be said about sugars of any type in your diet. When it comes to Sucrose consumption leading to obesity, it really depends on the type and frequency of the consumption itself. For instance, some drinks containing high levels of sucrose may be linked to the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Also, as said above, it can lead to dental problems and possibly diabetes. It has also been assumed that Sucrose can lead to metabolic syndrome. This is a combination of medical disorders that can increase diabetes and cardiovascular diseases when working together. Because this occurs within the insulin-resistant, it does not necessarily mean you are obese if you’re diagnosed, but it does mean that it can increase ones chances of being obese. So when all is said in done, use Sucrose or any sweeteners for that fact, in low-moderation to avoid any health risks that result in the o ver consumption of Sucrose.

The anesthesia technician & technologist’s manual: All you need to know for study and reference Essay

Improvements of Anesthesia Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From nineteenth century, there have been important and continuous improvements in the field of medicine in United States, particularly in discovery of microorganisms as the root cause of disease and anesthesia. The improvements have been of great importance in facilitating effective, convenient, and safest methods of treatment. The paper below discusses anesthesia improvements, and importance of its improvement in treatment. Improvements of anesthesia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The direct use of volatile anesthetics and intense cold were the most important steps in anesthesia in nineteenth century. The steps were used in surgical sites during treatment of traumatic injuries. This was possible by bringing down local temperature of body tissues by the application of salt and ice during the surgeon. However, to estimate the cold projection was extremely complex when using salt and ice. This gave rise to new techniques such as topical application of Dutch oil and vaporization of ether and ethylene chloride by fumigation and spraying. Since then, there was continuous discovery of more anesthetic liquids such as amyl hydrate and vaginal Dutch. Having improved the anesthetic liquids, there was a major challenge in obstruction of sprays used. As a result, there came need to improve the jet, which was possible by designing different systems of nozzles. Almost to the end of the century, some medical practitioners recommend ed the improvements best for surgeon but many individual called for alternative approach, especially in minor surgery (Walter, 2014).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All the way from 19th century to transition into the twentieth century, there have been many improvements of anesthesia care (Woodworth, 2012). For instance, the common practice discussed above changed by introduction of cocaine around 1884.Later in 1934, the sodium Pentothal was introduced for intravenous anesthetic administration. Despite its many challenges associated with its negative side effects when administered to some patients, it remained the most effective until 1977 when Dr.Brian Kay introduced muscle relaxants and rubber endotracheal tubes. In 1980s, pulse oximetry and end tidal CO2 were introduced that facilitated EKG monitoring. Use of the improvement in medical practice today   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some of above discussed improvements are still used across the United States. For instance, the improvement of EKG monitoring makes it possible to manage neuromuscular blockade .In addition, the use of muscle relaxants and rubber endotracheal tubes makes it easy for anesthesiologists to monitor the condition of the patient .The monitoring of the patients’ condition primarily involves checking of blood pressure as well as pulse rate. Being able to process EEG measurement, end tidal CO2 and pulse oximetry have made it possible to quantify the depth of anesthesia. The monitoring incorporated with some of discussed advances has led into the best anesthetic practice by improving patient’s safety.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Indisputably, there is significant from the use of advances though some of the anesthetic practices used today for surgery have changed tremendously. Unfortunately, while bringing the changes in transformation of anesthesia surgery, the dramatic change in body knowledge and skills developed from the improvements has resulted to inseparable and complex medical disciplines. Future developments in anesthesia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Aside from the above important improvements discussed such as introduction of pulse oximeter in aesthesia practices in United States today, there are many cases of mortality and morbidity in anesthesia. It is therefore obvious that the discoveries are not the â€Å"end of the road† but the push to new heights .However, with improved, optimal, and creative anesthetic management evident in United States ,there is hope of continued improvement to develop most safer and effective anesthesia practices while cutting down the pressure from medical economics. This will only be possible if anesthesiologists rise to the challenge. References Walter. (2014). In Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/482821/puerperal-fever Woodworth, G., & Kirsch, J. (2012).  The anesthesia technician & technologist’s manual: All you need to know for study and reference. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Source document

Event Management Plan

Event Management Plan for Spring Bash 2013 Event Description Day/Date/Time of Event – Duration. This event will be held during the week of Monday March 25th thru Thursday March 28th. The game times will be 10 am, 1pm, 4pm, and 7:30 pm. Location / Facility / Venue of the Event. The baseball site is the beautiful, professionally maintained Santaluces Sports Complex. The Santaluces Sports Complex was built by the Montreal Expos for their spring training and is located in Lantana, FL. Description of the Event.With a comfortable average annual temperature of 78 ° F (25  °C), Palm Beach County is able to host any type of sporting event any time of the year. South Florida’s tropical climate is unique to any other region in the country and is one of the primary reason so many teams want to come and get out of the cold. The tournament will consist of 12 teams all competing for the tournament title at the end of the four days. Purpose of the Event / Overview. This will be an invitation only event to bring in some of the top high schools in Florida and showcase their skills for area scouts both professional and college.W5H. Who. Any High School baseball program from any state will be apart of the invitation only event. What. This is a Spring Break invitational tournament that is put on to expose some of the best armature athletes to professional and college scouts. When. March 25th thru March 28th Where. Santaluces Sports Complex Lantana, FL How. Through registration fees, concessions, and gate revenue. Aims / Objectives (S. M. A. R. T. ). Our goals and objectives are to become the premier spring break tournament in Florida. Event Management Management Responsibility. In-house / outsourced) – The management responsibility will be taken care of in-house to cut down on cost and overhead. Major stakeholders / agencies. The major stakeholders will be the high school programs that attend this event. Also, the agencies that will be involved with this ev ent are the Palm Beach County Sports Commission and the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Physical requirements. The physical requirements for this event will be long hours in the hot South Florida sun as well as the ability to lift up to 50 lbs. Venue.The Santaluces Sports Complex provides four well maintained and groomed fields and also have lighting on all four fields to host night games is needed. Target audience. This tournament's target audience is anyone of the many top high school baseball programs we have in the US. Approximate Number of Participants and Spectators. There will be twelve teams which will account for approximately 240 participants and over the course of the four days approximately 1500 spectators will be in attendance. Event History. This will be the first annual tournament held at this location.Based on research done on other spring break tournaments it is very popular with the high schools both locally and in the north where there is still snow on the ground. There are not many premier spring break tournaments out there so we feel this will help fill the void. Technology. All game information and results will be notated and recorded on iPads using the application called Game Changer scorekeeping. Also, for communication with event staff they will have cellphones as well as radios. Sponsoring Organization. For this event due to the size there will not be any sponsoring organization. Feasibility Is the event a good idea?This event is a great idea due to the amount of teams looking to play in a tournament during spring break and also for the exposure the teams will have to area scouts. Do we have the skills required to plan and run the event? The event staff is well trained and knowledgeable on what is needed to make this type of event successful. Is the host community supportive? The host community is supportive due to the sales at local hotels and restaurants. Do we have the infrastructure in the community? The locatio n of the event provides quick access to the interstate, hospital, and airport. Can we get a venue at a price we can afford?The event cost will be $2000 for the permits running the four days of the tournament. Will the event attract an audience? The main audience will be that parents and family members of the participants as well as professional and college scouts. Will it attract media support? Due to the size of the event media support will not be attracted. Is it financially viable? The operating expenses of the tournament will be covered in the registration fees, which makes it financially viable. Are the success criteria reasonable? The success criteria is reasonable but will be unknown until after the event takes places and feedback is generated.What are the risks? The risks associated with this event are weather, injury, and the expenses exceed the revenues. SWOT Analysis Strengths. The location and quality of the fields are the biggest strengths of this tournament. Weaknesses . When having a tournament in the spring there is always a chance of rain, also this is a first year event and does not have a proven track record. Opportunities. With a successful event we may be able to expand the number of teams in the futures and solidify our place as one of the premier spring break tournaments. Threats.The threats associated with this tournament are that there are many other tournaments going on at the same or similar times. It may be hard to get the commitment of elite high school programs due to them being committed to other events at the time. Approvals ; Consultation State ; federal government. The approval and compliance for this event will be through the FHSAA and all other factors will be held at the county level. County, city, or town. There will have to be approval from the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department so that we can have the permits and access to the fields. Roads ; traffic authority.This will be taken care of in-house by using st aff members to direct traffic. Liquor licensing. There will be no need for liquor licensing due to no alcoholic beverages will be sold at this event. Police. Police will not be needed unless a crime is committed. Insurance. Prior to the event there will be a waiver signed excluding responsibility in the case of the event. In case of injury, this is a school-approved activity and responsibility falls on them. Marketing / Advertising / PR / Ticketing Customer segmentation. Our customer segmentation is based on the top high school programs across the state as well as nationally. Pricing.Registration for the event is $500 Ticket program. Game day passes for spectators will be $10 per day or $35 for the duration of the event. Kids ages infant-17 years old will gain admittance free of charge. Advertising. Advertising for the event will be done through social media utilizing Facebook and Twitter. Message. The message of this event is to provide a overall great experience and to provide the participants the ability to be seen in front of professional and college scouts. Media outlets used. The media outlets that will be used for this event include Flyers / Posters / Brochures, Word of Mouth, Internet and Social Media.Advertising Budget. Due to our online advertising there is no advertising budget put in place. Promotions. Due to the size and nature of the event there will no promotions taking place. Giveaways. All participants will be given t-shirts and all coaches will receive polo shirts. Community / Public Relations. Press releases. No press releases will be delivered, but emails will be sent out to professional scouts and college scouts about our tournament and the teams that will be in attendance. Media briefing(s). Media guides will be made up consisting of the teams involved and their rosters as well as schedules and a sponsor’s page.Evaluation of Marketing Plan. The evaluation of the marketing plan will be done at the conclusion of the event to see in w hat areas we can better ourselves. Financial Control Is the purpose to make a profit? The main purpose of this event is to create a great atmosphere of high-level competition and have a successful event. Also, to make a profit is another purpose of the event. Without a profit we will not be able to continue putting on future events. How much will the event cost? The overall cost of the event will be $4800, which will be covered in the registration fees. What are the revenue sources?The revenue sources for this event are the registration fees, concessions, gate sales and sponsorship. How many tickets need to be sold to break even? The registration fees alone will allow us to cover our operating expenses. All other sources of revenue will be for payroll and the rest is profit. What is the cash flow situation? The cash flow situation will come from the day-to-day operating expenses such as restocking concessions, gate sales, baseballs, etc.. What are the control systems? There will be a staff member in charge of collecting monies throughout the day and placing them in a safe box with a key lock.Only that staff member and director will have access to the money. How will legal and taxation obligations be met? These will be met in the concessions were all sales rung out in the cash register will be taxed. Capital / funding requirements. In the case of expenses running over the profits the initial investment of cash on hand of $10,000 will cover those costs. Fees. The fees of $20/hr for the ball field permits required by Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department will be paid out of the initial investment to secure the location and dates desired. Costs.The overall cost of the event will be $4800, which will be covered in the registration fees. Merchandise / licensing. At this time due to this being the first year of the event we will not be having and merchandise for sale. Control systems. There will be a staff member in charge of collecting monies throughout the day and placing them in a safe box with a key lock. Only that staff member and director will have access to the money. Taxation. These will be met in the concessions were all sales rung out in the cash register will be taxed. Profit ; loss statement. This will be completed at the end of the event.Cash-flow analysis. This will be completed at the end of the event. Budget Budget Detail. (See table 3 pg. 18) Event Contracts. This event does not have any contracts due to the nature and size. Sponsorship Sponsor signage / Sponsor booths. This event does not have any sponsor booths but will have signage of local sponsors in the outfield and in the media guide. Package sales. Packages will range from $100-$400 in which sponsors can choose. (See Table ) Activation. The sponsorship activation is done by the sponsor including coupons for participants and spectators that attend their business. Evaluation.The evaluation will be done at the end of the event by contacting the sponsors and col lecting data on who brought in the coupons. Risk Management Identification. (of risks ; hazards) Some risks that may arise are balls leaving the playing field, wet playing surfaces and heat stroke. Assessment. (of risks ; hazards) Balls leaving the field can cause injury to spectators, wet playing surfaces can cause injury to players as well as coaches and heat stroke can happen to players and coaches due to the hot weather. Management. (of risks ; hazards) All situations will be forwarded to the tournament director.Incident reporting. All situations will be forwarded to the tournament director and local authorities if need be. Contingency plan. In case of bad weather all games will be postponed until further notice. The location we have selected has lights and games can be played at night if needed. Letter to Dignitary Form. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Grammar. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Event Staging Decor. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Layout. See table Entertainment. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event.Special effects / Lighting / Sound. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Electricity. Electricity is provided by the complex and is apart of the permit to use the facility. Water. Water cooler will be placed in every dugout to ensure hydration is maintained. Transportation. The location of this event allows for quick access to the interstate and airports as well as medical transportation. Traffic management. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Street closures. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Impact on local traffic.The event will have no impact on local traffic flow. Notification of affected businesses. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Diversions / Detours. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Security. In the event of an altercation the local authorities will be contacted. Support vehicles. Due to the size of the complex support vehicles will not be needed. Medical / ambulance / EMTs. In the case of emergency medical assistance will be contacted, but no onsite medical will be present. Parking. The parking is provided by the complex and is free of charge Disability access / ADA compliance.The facility meets all disability and ADA requirements Children. The facility has a playground area that is accessible for children. Food / Catering. Food for concessions will be purchased at local wholesalers such as Costco. Providers. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Facilities. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Waste and environmental management. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Toilets. The complex provides this and no rentals of toilets is needed. Waste management, recycling.This is provided by the Palm Beach County Wast e Management. Sanitation. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Noise. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Water pollution. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Environmental Impact Study (EIS). This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Cleaning. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Staffing Rosters. The staff will include the tournament director, four game day staff, two concession staff and 4 volunteers from local colleges.Training. All staff members will be CPR certified and trained on operational activities before the event. Briefing. Everyday before the first games a meeting will be held to go over that activities for that day and the chain of command. Recruitment of volunteers. Volunteers will be sought out from local colleges for students looking to gain some experience. Leadership Plan Communication. All communi cation will through the tournament director. During the morning meetings the communication process will be laid out and all questions will be answered. Staffing ; Skills.Pre-event training will take place to ensure all staff are on the same page for what needs to be accomplished and only qualified individuals will be on the staff. Coordination / Evaluation. During the morning meetings the coordination and evaluation processes will be laid out and all staff will be well informed on what needs will be required. Rewards. At the end of the tournament all game day staff members will be taken out to dinner to celebrate the success of the event. Operational Plans Procedures ; checklists. (See table 2 pg. 17) Performance standards.The performance standards will be consistent with departmental goals, communicates clearly to all levels falls within budget guidelines, can reasonably be accomplished in specified time frame and follows up and resolves problems in timely manner to keep project on track. Contingency plans. In case of bad weather all games will be postponed until further notice. The location we have selected has lights and games can be played at night if needed. Weather. In case of bad weather all games will be postponed until further notice. The location we have selected has lights and games can be played at night if needed.Electrical supply, lighting. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Fire / Accident. In case of fire/ accident fire extinguishers and first aid kits will be available and local authorities will be contacted. Crowd control / management. Local authorities if needed will provide this. Delay or cancellation. In the case of a delay or cancellation all teams will be contacted within enough time so that proper arrangements can be made. If a cancellation of the event does take place teams will be refunded their fees paid. Bomb threat or other security incident. Local authorities will provide this. Logistics.Loc al authorities will provide this. Setup / teardown. The setup and teardown of tents will be done by staff members before leaving the facility for the night to prevent theft. Signage. All signage will be hung on the fences of the fields in plain view of all spectators. Structures ; facilities. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Lighting / Sound. Lighting is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Safety ; Security (Safety of the event audience) Safety ; security of event performers, VIPs, etc. This will be provided by local authorities if needed.Health ; safety of staff. This will be provided by local authorities if needed. Security for premises, equipment, cash, etc. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department, and all cash will be held onto by the tournament director at the end of the night. Communications. Meetings will be held every morning and all communication will be through either cellular phones or radios. All issues get reported to the tournament director. Emergency access and emergency management. The facility has gates that open for easy access for emergency personnel to get as close to the situation as possible.First aid. In the concessions there will be first aid kits to be administered if need be. Timelines Form. (See table 1 pg. 16) Evaluation, Monitoring ; Control Feedback. During the course of the tournament staff members will ask questions to the spectators to see how their experience is so far. If any issues arise it will be handled promptly. Post-event evaluation. A mailing list will be generated in which all teams will be contacted and a survey will be enclosed to determine how the event went and what we can do to improve. Objectives. At the end of the event we will go through our utlined objectives and determine is they were met. Measures. The measures that will be used to determine the success will include survey’s, questionnaires, and direct-mailers to all participants. Analysis. After all measures are taken into account, an analysis will be done to determine the areas needed for improvement for future events. Report. Once objectives are met, the measurements are put into place, an analysis is done and all will be placed into a report for future sponsorship opportunities. Appendix Table 1 Event Timeline | 8 Months Out from Event| 3 Months Out from Event| Prepare posters, brochures, banners, etc. | | Reserve and confirm facility fees and permits| | Confirm participating teams| | | | | 7 Months Out from Event| 2 Months Out from Event| | Begin recruiting volunteers for day of event| | | 6 Months Out from Event| 1 Months Out from Event| Set event budget| Order t-shirts and prizes or have them donated| Set and confirm date, time and place| Continue recruiting volunteers for day of event| Determine goal of event and event name| Reconfirm ALL commitments| Decide on event logo| | Send out letters to potential teams| | | | 5 Months Out from Event| Week of the Event| Prepare site signage: information, check-in, first aid, start/finish, volunteer check-in| | Complete participant registration list| | Complete participant registration list| | Pick up t-shirts and prizes| 4 Months Out from Event| 1 Month after the Event| Develop sponsorship levels| Mail thank you letters to sponsors, volunteers, and community partners| Approach corporate and media sponsors| Communicate final event participation count and amount of money raised to all sponsors| Confirm sponsors| Organize event binder for next year including suggestions and feedback|Table 2 Task| Person Responsible| Contact details| Check that the date does not clash with another event|   |   | Arrange venue|   |   | Prepare and distribute tournament notice/flyer|   |   | Prepare tournament budget|   |   | Appoint Rules Advisor (if not TD)|   |   | Organize person(s) to do the check in|   Ã‚  |   Ã‚  | Purchase trophies (if applica ble)|   Ã‚  |   Ã‚  | Collect perpetual trophies (if applicable)|   |   Ã‚  | Organize wall charts|   |   Ã‚  | Organize name tags|   |   Ã‚  | Check stocks of score sheets, sets etc. |   |   Ã‚  |Receive entries ; set up draws|   |   | On day, supervise distribution of sets, table numbers, score sheets ; tile check sheets|   |   | Distribute tournament records|   |   | Manage refreshment area|   |   | Collect entry fee ; distribute name tags|   |   | Erect wall charts, latest ratings and rules|   |   | Instruct novices on tournament protocol|   |   | Direct runners to collect name tags during last game|   |   | Prepare tournament expense/income report|   |   | Present trophies ; awards|   |   | Table 3 REVENUE PROJECTED |Additional fundraising activities$785. 00 | Cash sponsors $6,500. 00| Donations $300. 00 | Paid advertising in event program $250. 00 | Registration fees (12 teams x $500) $6,000| TOTAL REVENUE: $13,835| E XPENSES| Decor – $125. 00 | Event program$300. 00 | Food and beverage $1,840. 00| Marketing and promotion $395. 00 | Save-the-date card – e-design $225. 00 | Signage – design $150. 00 | Signage – printing $1,258. 31| Silent auction $250. 00 | Thank you items$200. 00 | Venue -$5,000| TOTAL EXPENSES: $9,743. 31| TOTAL NET: $4,091. 69|

Brighter Sunnyday

Of all the movies that I’ve seen, only â€Å"A brighter Summer Day† was the longest hours film of them all, a very large project for the Chinese-language film. This film was directed by a Taiwanese director, Edward Yang who made it all possible to direct 100 actors to portray different roles. â€Å"A Brighter Summer Dayâ€Å"was actually based on a true incident which happened during 1960. The story was also a mixture of Yang’s youth which can be seen in the film though there is a little variation from the original. In June 15, 1961, a Taiwanese high school male killed his girlfriend in Gulling Street without any reasons.â€Å"A Brighter Summer Day† was a personal vision which recalls both an actual street murder that shook the nation and Yang's own childhood at the same time. The story doesn’t mainly focused on the gangster’s street rival in Taiwan during 1960’s but it’s story goes behind a young man who was experiencing a ma jor upheaval in his own country in which he wants to overcome. This movie serves as an exploration of the novel which depicts the cultural identity of the Taiwanese. This film revolves around the life of S'ir, who was a high school student by then.The cast was filled with different characters which seem equally worrisome. His cast is filled with plenty of variables, but each character’s plight seems equally worrisome. His father was one of the Chinese mainlanders who went all the way to Taipei during the wake of civil uprisings in 1949. Since the film was set over the course in 1961, it gave a printed introduction which explains that state is now in uncertainty where gangs thrive on the streets so they should be careful about their children and keep them safe and under control at all times.The narratives of Yang jumps back and forth with different subplots which made it difficult to track, especially the shots that was taken from medium to long shots. Given that, the story te lling skills of Yang made it possible to recognize some cues for each sequence which lets the audience trail the story. The most memorable scenes that revolve around the gangster’s school-age girlfriend have been smitten with him. They wind up next door, while they cut classes, and get easily attracted with the looks of the girl.Upon forming an endearing bond, Si’rs friends warned him about being close to the girl and should not let her become the cause of any bad blood. This part is very thrilling, and mysterious enough to watch since you really want to know what the story behind the murder is as if you are really seeing how it happened. Yang sensed that when the dark historical moment happens, driving and being driven become one. I think that because of this feeling, it made a narrative filmmaking that creates a new genre of modern experience.Literary, this film had hypnotically built a single act of violence when it reaches and end of one’s life which is inev itable and shocking at the same time. â€Å"A Brighter Summer Day† emerged as one of the finest film made in Taiwan. Even though the cast were all non-actors, the film was still beautifully made- shots were good, houses especially the interior were great, even the schools and the dance clubs brought a real effect that happened in the countryside during summertime. The film also created a good effect by inserting violence and serenity alternately.The film is a rhythmic and poetic evocation of a particular era. Its ironic title (in that there is no â€Å"brighter summer day† for these characters) is taken from an Elvis song that one of the kids sings at a nightclub. It is a truly exemplary modern masterpiece that got no distribution in the West but deserves to be hunted out at all costs by those who love and cherish the film art. You can also see other characters with singing careers that has been the source of frustration and source of income of the gangsters.The song w hich was entitled â€Å"Are You Lonesome Tonight† was the source of the movie’s title a song by Elvis song which was sung by some nightclub kids. This song was one of the artifacts that appear in the movie though it did not originate from Taiwan. The song captures the audience through its melodic sound and its giving such goose bumps effect when you hear it while it plays as a particular scene was shown. There were also several important props in the film particularly the samurai sword, radio a flashlight and a tape recorder as well.Older characters appear to be strictly adhering to Taiwanese’s tradition or to something else like Christianity. The older characters, when they appear, either stubbornly adhere to Taiwanese traditions or have grabbed onto something else, such as Christianity while other older Taiwanese seemed to be powerless and weak. Children somehow understand this but perhaps cannot dig dipper to comprehend it and despite the murder that was insp ired by a true to life incident, this film sees a light of hope.S’ir’s father here was a civil servant with a high-ranking job and the accomplishments of his daughter. He often attends the best government-sponsored college and was very proud. If his son disappoints him, he butts his head against bureaucracy, hoping that he would get personal favors the system which he believes to have fair and firm regulations. Yang simplifies things by tossing a metaphor into the stew which made it so confusing in general when he narrates about the operation of the government against the people.The backbone of the narrative structure was formed by S’ir’s shifting morality when the tragedy befalls him seems to be heartbreaking which made the entire nation moved by it. The strain has been weighed down on him and at that time, his family seems to be epidemic in the country. According to my research, the film took over several years to finish because its preparation needed t o be meticulous on its construction as well as the feelings that community might have. Because the length is almost four hours, it definitely shows a remarkable film which gave an epic quality of the film.Since the there are more than hundred speaking parts in the film, you should really focus in watching so that you’ll keep on track of what was going on with the story, which is a good strategy on capturing the audience attention. Without looking into the contradictions that it may bring in a political discourse, Yang personalized the politics and its complexities. The style of the film creates a paradox. He used I little bit of close-ups, which keeps it far away from his subjects but not so far in order for the viewers to judge them objectively and doesn’t’ lose the grasp on their concern.The main accomplishment of Yang focused on the narrative that he made, as well as the political and emotional chaos. Familiarity arose from the running time that goes on with the consistent political attitudes which was evident in the script assures that audience concern were given focus where Yang wants it. This happens without using too much cinematic language which in turn prompts the viewer to barely identify the protagonists. Yang was never intimidated throughout the film although he made as a very expansive scope of a messy autobiographical of such territory.Attached with the film is a nostalgia but not to the point of intelligence. Yang created a manifesto which obviously shows conflicting attitudes about the history of his country. We can see in the film that it was seemingly limitless to examine the country’s lamentation which a storyteller like Yang has done to probe the history of a nation’s developing country and its progress. For me, â€Å"A Brighter Summer Day† sure stands as a monumental achievement, and could probably be the greatest film among all modern Taiwanese cinema.

An e-commerce proposal for a company Case Study

An e-commerce proposal for a company - Case Study Example The human resource of Zorbas Group of Companies amounts today in 1200 individuals. The reason for choosing this company for my project is because it was initiated from a single family bakery business in a small village, and has moved from there to being one of the most successful companies in Cyprus today and I believe with the correct implementation of e-business models will improved the firm's standing in terms of cost reduction and customer satisfaction. The nature of Zorbas business may not require a well organized IT structure but the huge growth of the company the last years, created some room for improvement using the right e-business models-theories. EDI is the abbreviation for Electronic Data Interchange. In accordance with McLure (1996), the technology refers to the exchange of data between electronic medium in a structured manner. EDI, in its true sense, updates data in a real time manner. Classical examples of EDI include: McLure (1996) further states that EDI solely works on real time updates. Its various applications and benefits will be discussed as the proposal is about its application to the company under consideration. Primary research was conducted by means of informal conversation-cum-interviews with the senior management, and also various employees who are directly influenced by this process which is to be improved under this proposal. Secondary research was conducted by means of searching articles, journals, textbooks, and other literary resources present both online and in physical libraries. 2.2 Justification of the Methods used This report does not need loads of primary research, other than understanding the processes and their workings, because the major aim underlying herewith is that the right solution is to be proposed and presented, and by right, it implies the solution being feasible, suitable and acceptable to the management and the stakeholders. 2.3 Problems Encountered The major problem encountered here was the lack of documentation available at the company that could define the codes and mechanisms of communication and coordination between the production, distribution and sales units. Therefore, the data gathered can be anticipated to involve biasness from the company personnel who were the respondents. Absence of documentation also leads to the issue that the respondent bias cannot be eliminated, nor reduced. 2.4 Alternative Methods The concerned departments have been very busy to provide formal and informal information pertinent to the communication processes and procedures. However, there

Criminal justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Criminal justice - Essay Example Compliance on the part of the police has been the subject in the creations of oversight in the criminal justice system in almost all the communities around the world. To drop a few, there are four oversight models to be considered in the implementation of justice in the communities. 1. Political Oversight- This is usually appointed by the mayor of a certain town. Critics of this oversight model claim that the political panels is not independent and do not hold on to the interest of the minority communities. 2. Citizen Oversight – Critics of this oversight claims that the members of the panels lack resources, and is not authorized to adopt changes in the agency policies and procedures. 3. Judicial Oversight – In this model, DOJ has the mandate to review, monitor, and evaluate the compliance of the agencies concern. Furthermore, these includes force policy revisions, and protocols. 4. The Police or Corrections Compliance Office However, in a democratic society, police holds accountable with many things. Furthermore, some of the responsibilities they are accounted for are dealing with crime and disorder, professionalism, and respect when it comes to dealing and treating people. It is therefore relevant to recommend citizen oversight among the models above to be discussed in this paper and to scrutinize the accountability of the police to the public about the treatment they render to the people. CITIZEN OVERSIGHT The creation of oversight system among the communities is rarely identical and most of the time is different. However, most of the reviews in the citizen oversight fall into four main types. 1. Citizen Review Board - Citizens are investigating on the allegations of the police misconduct and give a recommendation on the finding to the head of the agency. This is considered to be the most independent citizen review model. 2. Police Review/Citizen Oversight - Officers do the investigations on the allega tions and findings were developed. After, the citizens review and recommend by which the head of the agency approves or not. Under this model, steps and process of the complaints are handled by the police. A board of citizen’s reviewer reviews those actions. Nevertheless, this model is considered to be less independent compared to Citizen Review Board. 3. Police Review/Citizen-police Appeal Board - Complainants may appeal to the citizen’s review about the findings established by the agency and make