Bebop Jazz and its Influence Essay

Developed in the 1940’s, bebop jazz expanded upon the restrictive and structured arrangements of big band music, changed the way music was enjoyed, and provided a foundation for future innovators of jazz music. Bebop was a revolutionary sound that captivated the audience due largely to the new found creative freedom of musical expression allowed by extensive improvisation. According to John Andrews (1998), â€Å"Bop marked the point at which both the musicians and their audience became widely conscious that jazz was an art form.† Andrews also goes on to mention that bebop’s main focus was for people to seriously listen, instead of dancing. After bebop other styles of jazz developed, such as progressive jazz, cool jazz, and hard bop. These three styles of jazz, in the opinion of many people, imparted a substantial influence on current jazz, and will likely impact future generations as well. Bebop is a style of jazz developed in the early 1940s as a means to revolt against big band music. Big band music required large groups of players. As a consequence, the musicians were required to follow simpler, highly structured, written arrangements. At the time, many musicians resented the lack of freedom to improvise and the reliance upon written arrangements, so they created bebop, a new style of jazz. Bebop was vastly different than swing band music. It had faster tempos, complex harmonies, elaborate melodies and a rhythm section. According to _America’s Musical Landscape_, a typical bebop combo consisted of a trumpet, saxophone, double bass, piano, and percussion. Due in part to the smaller number of performing musicians, bebop music allowed for more freedom of expression and imagination than in big band music. Improvisation was a key feature. While much of big band music was designed to indulge the audience’s desire to dance, bebop jazz is for people who want to sit down and listen to the music. At first, many people enjoyed listening to bebop simply because it was something new and exciting. However, many people, particularly musicians, prefer bebop because of its sophistication and complexity. Some jazz musicians felt they needed something different and preferred to play bebop instead of swing jazz to demonstrate their improvisational skills. Musicians such as saxophonist, Dizzy Gillespie; trumpeter, Charlie Parker; and pianist, Thelonious Monk; stand out as examples of creative giants who through their virtuosity, were able to achieve an innovative sound that made listening to the nuances and astounding creative improvisations so finely wound into their musical presentations, more important than dancing or chatting over simple background music. In a way, bebop was a new genre unto itself, more akin to jazz than big band music. Because it is essentially the basis for most contemporary jazz styles, listeners will hear the enduring influence of bebop in most jazz forms that have followed it. Progressive jazz, cool jazz, and hard bop are three styles to have evolved from bebop jazz. It is likely that these three jazz styles, as well as others, embedded with the underlying roots of bebop will have an ongoing influence on future jazz musicians. No one can speak for all musicians, many may prefer to play older well-established, classic jazz, but certainly there are a substantial number of musicians that prefer playing the avant-garde styles, who will carry the flag of bebop for future generations. Bebop was a revolutionary and exciting sound that changed the world of jazz in the 1940’s and continues to influence jazz styles today. At its advent, bebop was a way for jazz musicians to break away from the confines of big band music, which did not allow for much improvisation or freedom of musical expression. Bebop pioneers such as Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, and Thelonious Monk helped pave the way for other jazz musicians, allowing them to shed their restrictive chains of structured big band music and to elevate the level of improvisational genius that bebop allows. Subtle nuances, sophisticated interpretations, and creative variations of musical phrases  created on the fly can be thrilling to an appreciative listener. It is the on the spot creative virtuosity that makes attentive listening so important to bebop jazz and its consequential styles such as progressive jazz, cool jazz, and hard bop. It is likely that these contemporary forms, still infused with the musical DNA of bebop, are likely to influence future jazz musicians. Reference Andrews, J. (1998). What Bebop Meant to Jazz History. Retrieved June 8, 2007, from The World Socialist Web Site: http://www.wsws.org/arts/1998/may1998/bop-m22.shtml

A Not-For-Profit Medical Research Center Essay

The sole aim of this report is for marketing and promotional purposes of the Not-for-Profit medical research center. There is an increasing interest in the reporting of Not-for-profit organizations However, annual reports are part of an overall strategy to communicate with stakeholders, to donors and users, and can help foster public trust and build community and government  support. It also helps build organization reputation, and can be a key means of reaching new donors, partners, volunteers and sponsors. ORGANIZATIONAL PURPOSE The Not-for-Profit medical research center is an organization engage on research, on diseases regarding aging. The Organization relies on raised funds from varying sources, including public, individual and the federal government. USERS OF OUR REPORT/STAKEHOLDER The users of our Report range from the stakeholders, to past donors including future donors. MISSION/VISION Our vision is a world free from aging diseases. We research into diseases related to aging. The Not-for-Profit medical research center is committed to produce a shorter, simpler and easy to read report that can be used for marketing and promotional purposes, to have it mailed to the stakeholders, past donors and high potential future donors. This is our vision and mission for our future outlook. STRATEGY Not-for-profit medical research center continuously collect data from patients, parents etc. And identify issues and make adjustments to our methods based on user/stakeholders demand. 1 Our strategy is aimed at determining long term goals and objectives which will strengthen our relationship with stakeholders, encourage our past and future donors and subsequently improve our organization. We have identified stakeholder needs and we have set certain machineries and strategies in place to achieve optimum satisfaction. We work closely with stakeholders and staffs to create the strategic plan that define our vision. We will continue to find new ways to obtain acceptable results on aging diseases and guarantee users satisfaction. The communication strategy we developed and implemented have been of benefit to our users, stakeholders and donors. We will expand our effort to improve our objectives. Due to our obvious progress, individuals, public and government have been very reliant on funding and support. GOALS AND PERFORMANCE Our goals and performance range from successful research regarding aging  diseases to our stakeholder’s satisfaction in past years. We have been funded by the general public, individuals, groups and government. And donations to our organization are without seizing, and we have effectively utilized the funds and donations to develop and improve on our research efforts. RISK OPPORTUNITIES Despite our fiscal strength, insufficient funding remains a primary area of concern to our organization. The Executive board of the Not-for-profit medical research center is very much aware of the high risk and potential impact on our organization if there are no increase in funding and donations from individuals, public and/or from government. So funding remains one of our top most priorities for continuous operation. FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHT Our patients and parents have testified how our products have impacted their lives. Through this means and outcome monitoring, we have identified critical elements to ensure success and stakeholders satisfaction. The Not-For-Profit medical research center financial outcomes are higher than average and our outcome measures, matched our goals for the year. 2 FUND RAISING METHODS AND OUTCOME The Not-For-Profit medical research center continues to experience strong and increase funding through generous donations. We raise funds that are used to run our programs and operations and our outcomes are measured far above average. OUTLOOK FOR THE FUTURE We will continue to provide solutions to aging diseases through our research and products and thus, improve our methods and performance. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE AND LEADERSHIP Our staffs consist of Grace, a marketing specialist, Levi a writer/editor, Lakysha, a staff assistant and her husband who is a photographer. And we have Alexis as director of external affairs, and also the stakeholders. GOVERNANCE The Not-for-Profit medical research center board of directors are ultimately responsible for governance, management and operations of the organization. The Board members bring personal experience to the table and are deeply committed to the aims and objectives of the organization. The Principal Director of the board is accountable both to the staffs and the Not-for -Profit medical research center and our product users. Activities, services and programs are executed by our staffs and volunteers, while administrative responsibilities are delegated to the executive directors. The identification and management of risk is also taken care of by the board. CONCLUSSION Our organization is a Not-for-Profit organization, and our research has been on aging diseases and the research center is reliant on funding and donations. Our annual Report possesses new and improved features with intent to show the benefit of the research center and impact on People’s lives. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We acknowledge the support of stakeholders to the success of our programs, our past donors, patients and parents who are fans and users of our product and we are grateful to our team of experts/staffs who applied all necessary skills to achieve our great success. Our board of Directors are not left short of sincere gratitude and appreciation. REFERENCE Successful project management Gido & Clement 5th edition (Page 130-131) 4

Compare or contrast the way something is done in the United States and Essay

Compare or contrast the way something is done in the United States and the way it is done in another country like ( DUBAI , UNITED ARAB EMIRATES ) - Essay Example They will meet to rally their leaders in the United States and even have meals with them in restaurants when they campaign. In the United Arab Emirates these types of relationships would not happen. In the UAE, power and wealth are also important together. It is understood that there can be distance between wealthy business people and leaders. Because of this the people in the UAE would find it to be acceptable that leaders have money. In the United States, the people having a close relationship with their leaders makes them want to have wealth also. The people often ask for wealth to be handed out for different needs with much activity when it does not happen. For example, if people are having a hard time with their profit they will start to demand money to be redistributed. This is when they protest and when they become more active in getting what they want. The United States leaders have little choice but to try to meet these demands or face consequences of protesting people. In the United Arab Emirates, the people are less likely to be loud against their leaders about economy issues. It is again this power distance that is most noticeable. With high power distance, there are some common ideas. In the UAE, because people are not close to their leaders they will have quiet and private conversations about their unhappiness. They will speak with family and relatives for this or workplace partners. It is only when situations get really out of control and unfair that people in the UAE would make loud appeals to their leaders. The United States is the same way, in comparison. People often have spokespersons in the USA and let them do their protesting for them. Other discussions happen in private areas with close friends and company. This is when people in communities begin making signs and getting together to make sure change happens they way they want it. So there is a form of collectivism that happens with high power distance

Flower Girl in Holland George Hitchock 1887 Term Paper

Flower Girl in Holland George Hitchock 1887 - Term Paper Example Hitchock uses unique materials in designing his works making his works to be presentable in the field of artistry. For instance, in the design of this work, he exploits the vast landscape as shown by the thick and firm brushwork, which he uses as the main apparatus in his work. The thick and firm brushwork indicates constant flow of motion in the painting. This illustrates the working routine of the flower girl in an evoking way. The painter illustrates the authenticity of his work in using something that everybody could have thought as having no use. Work of arts mainly depends on the authenticity of the artist that off course is an attribute of in this work. Hitchock also had a strong relationship with the women suggesting the inclusion of a flower girl as the protagonist of his work. His work is full of decorations making the sculpture to look even presentable. The work above is an exceptional for study because it provides a form of cleverly orchestrated tableaux. The painter uses the technique of gouache as shown by the squares and isosceles triangles. The squares and isosceles triangles depicts a sign of stability. A keen look at this painting shows that there is a deep meaning and reason to the idea of the painter. The motion depicted between the girl and the building conveys the exhausting rhythm which serves in showing the state of the subject. There are trees on the outside of the building making the setting seem remarkably peaceful. This is a representation of the human mind.

Developing and using power and influence tactics to influence people Article

Developing and using power and influence tactics to influence people - Article Example Different leadership techniques have to be adopted under different circumstances and for different purposes. For instance, to get a project through, people need the support of others. The first action taken by the leaders is to adopt the project as their own and show personal commitment to it. They then work towards generating support from others in the organization. They have knowledge about the company and know how to use the company’s informal system of relationships. Markham (1998) indicates that some types of influence tactics are more successful like the logical argument. Some prefer to use the coercive and persuasive techniques rather than confrontive influence strategies even when they expect resistance although threatening tactics are unsuccessful influencing people. Use of personal power or positional power would depend upon target commitment. Expert power has been more useful than reward or legitimate power sources. Although leaders may use enthusiasm and drive to make their projects successful, these have a detrimental effect on projects and targets according to Markham. This requires influencing many people who may not wish to be influenced and the end result may be tension and conflicts. The project leaders may not be trained enough in interpersonal relations, which imply that being a project leader does not give an individual the power or ability to influence, although Carson and King (2006) believe that empowerment leads to self-leadership. Today’s work environment call for self-leadership, say Carson and King. Empowerment implies to delegate power from the higher organizational levels to the lower ones. Employees must be given the power to take decisions rather than just making suggestions. This leads to self-leadership which involves an analysis of how and why a task should be completed. It is the process of influencing oneself. This helps to improve direction and motivation within

Critical Review & Appraisal of one published Research Study Essay

Critical Review & Appraisal of one published Research Study - Essay Example Themes in the literature tend to lean toward identifying the consequences and causes of domestic violence (Johnson and Ferraro, 2000). Crime studies tend to demonstrate a bias in favour of women as the primary victims of domestic violence (Straus, 1999). The reality is however, that men are victims of domestic violence (Straus, 1999). In fact, the Home Affairs Committee (2009: 133) of the House of Commons commented that ‘men are the forgotten victims of domestic violence’. It is the reality that men are victims of domestic violence and the fact that the Home Affairs Committee acknowledged the neglect of male victims of domestic violence that prompted my interest in research on this subject. I selected a peer reviewed article by Dobash and Dobash (2004) because it provides empirical evidence of why much of the focus on domestic violence tends to be biased in favour of women as the primary victims. The research was based on a mixed methods approach involving 95 couples where both partners had reported violence against one another. This research is important to me because it helps me in my future career plans in social and community development by shedding light on the social construction of domestic violence as a problem primarily for women. The article selected is: Dobash, R.P. and Dobash, R. E. (2004). ‘Women’s violence to men in intimate relationships.’ British Journal of Criminology, 44: 324-349. In selecting the article by Dobash and Dobash (2004) I began by entering key terms in the search engine provided by several databases online. The databases selected were Jstor, Springer, Wiley, Google Scholar, Sage, Karger Open Access, Elsevier, Taylor & Francis Group, and Exlibris. I also conducted a general search of Google. The key words entered into the search engines were ‘domestic violence against men’, ‘domestic violence against men in the UK,’ ‘men as victims of domestic violence’ and ‘men as victims of domestic

Comparison between Management Information System (MIS) and Executive Essay

Comparison between Management Information System (MIS) and Executive Information System (EIS) - Essay Example In the banking industry, such systems find tremendous use as they are employed for various activities like financial reporting, analysis, capital investment decisions, investment risk analysis and cash flow analysis. All these activities require executive overview as well as managerial decisions at different levels, which require the use of either EIS or MIS as deemed necessary. Specifically speaking, the project will analyze the utilities of these systems for senior and middle management in the target industry, who use the services of these mediums for business planning, forecasting, monitoring and control. Further, the significance of these systems amongst various departments within companies as well as their specific uses by employees for realizing various tasks will be studied thoroughly. As mentioned above, the primary purpose of the project is to provide a critical comparison between the use of Management Information Systems (MIS) and Executive Information Systems (EIS) in the investment banking and financial sector. For this purpose, an elaborate study will be undertaken to analyze such systems used in prominent investment banks in the United States like Bank of America, Citigroup, Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs. In this study, a number of objectives have been outlined which will be evaluated to provide an extensive comparison amongst the two chosen categories. These objectives are listed below. As the name implies, Information systems serve the primary purpose of information gathering, processing and appropriate display. In doing so, the worthiness of both MIS and EIS will be evaluated for their efficiency in processing information without much processing and user involvement. This is especially essential for users in specific departments as relieving them from additional processing provides them the much needed time for elaborate decision making using the information provided by these systems. Two